Imported from calesthio/generative-media-skills (skills/providers/music-generation/suno-music/SKILL.md). Install upstream with npx skills add calesthio/generative-media-skills --skill suno-music. Copyright stays with the author.

Suno music generation and rights advisory

Suno is a text-to-music service that generates full songs (vocals + instrumental) from a style description and optional lyrics, plus editing tools (extend, cover, remaster, stem separation, a DAW-style Studio). This skill covers two things a production agent must get right at the same time: making good music with the current models and advising accurately on the rights, licensing, and legal reality of using that music commercially.

The rights half is not an appendix. As of mid-2026 the single most common way to give a production team bad advice is to treat Suno output as freely ownable, copyrightable, and API-accessible. Read the "Rights, licensing, and legal reality" section before advising on any commercial or distribution use.

Evidence labels used below

• [Documented] — stated in Suno's own docs, terms, help center, or blog, or in a primary legal/press source, with a URL in Sources.
• [First-party claim] — Suno's own marketing/announcement language, reported as a claim rather than an independently verified fact.
• [Heuristic] — production practice inferred from how the tools behave; useful defaults, not guarantees.

Volatility warning. Models, tiers, prices, terms, litigation status, and API access change fast. Every volatile fact below carries a verification date of 2026-07-10 unless noted. Re-verify anything legal or version-specific against suno.com before relying on it.

1. Current models and what they do

[Documented] Model timeline (Suno help center "Model Timeline", verified 2026-07-10):

• [Documented] V5 launched ~September 23–25, 2025 and is available only to paid (Pro/Premier) subscribers; free-tier users generate on older models. Suno also shipped Suno Studio (a generative audio workstation with a multitrack editor and MIDI/stem export) on the Premier plan around Sep 25, 2025.
• [Documented] V5.5 (Mar 26 2026) added three features: Voices (capture or upload your own voice, sing on your creations; includes voice verification, recordings kept private), Custom Models (Pro/Premier can train up to three personal model versions on their own catalog), and My Taste (preference personalization, available to all tiers).
• [First-party claim] Suno marketed V5 as its "most powerful" / "world's best music model" and V5.5 as "more expressive." Treat superlatives as marketing, not benchmarks — there is no neutral, published head-to-head that establishes Suno as a universal "best." When a user asks "is Suno the best," answer on fitness for their use, not on the marketing claim.
• [Documented — anticipated] Under the Warner deal (see §5), Suno has said higher-quality models trained on licensed WMG recordings are forthcoming. As of 2026-07-10 no such licensed model is confirmed shipped under a public name; treat "WMG-licensed model" as announced-but-unshipped and re-verify.

Version selection heuristic. For any track intended for release, generate on V5/V5.5 (paid). Free-tier output is both lower quality and non-commercial (§4), so it is only appropriate for scratch ideas, learning, and personal listening.

2. The generation surface: fields and controls

Suno's create screen (Custom mode) has two text inputs that do different jobs — mixing them up is the most common cause of bad output.

• Style / description field — genre, subgenre, mood, tempo feel, instrumentation, production character, vocal type, era, reference adjectives. This is where the sonic identity lives.
• Lyrics field — the actual words plus structural metatags in square brackets. If you put genre words here they may be sung. If you leave it empty (or use "Instrumental"), you get an instrumental.
• [Documented] Exclude Styles (negative prompt) — in Custom mode under Advanced Options; list what you do not want (e.g. a genre, an instrument, "male vocals") and Suno deprioritizes it.
• Simple vs Custom mode — Simple mode takes one free-text prompt and writes lyrics/structure for you; Custom mode exposes the style field, lyrics field, exclude-styles, model picker, and weirdness/style-influence sliders. Use Custom for anything you want control over.

[Heuristic] Style field craft

• Lead with the anchor: one clear genre + one clear mood, then layer detail. melodic drum-and-bass, euphoric, driving beats a 40-word soup of adjectives.
• Name instruments and vocal type explicitly when they matter (female alto, breathy, analog synth bass, brushed jazz drums).
• Tempo: you can state BPM in the style field, or use a [bpm-128] metatag in lyrics; giving a numeric BPM is more reliable than "fast."
• Don't over-stuff. Beyond ~6–10 strong descriptors, added words dilute rather than sharpen.
• Contradictions (e.g. "minimal, wall-of-sound maximalist") produce mush; pick a lane.

3. Lyrics, structure, and metatags

[Documented] Structural metatags go in the lyrics field inside square brackets and steer arrangement, dynamics, and vocal behavior. Without them Suno infers structure from line breaks; with them you remove the guesswork.

Common, reliably-understood tags ([Documented] for the core structure tags; [Heuristic] for exact behavior, which varies by model):

[Intro]
[Verse]        [Verse 1] [Verse 2]
[Pre-Chorus]
[Chorus]
[Post-Chorus]
[Bridge]
[Instrumental]  [Guitar Solo]  [Drop]
[Outro]         [Fade Out]
[no-vocals]     [bpm-128]  [key-C-minor]  [time-signature-3/4]

[Heuristic] Lyric and structure practice

• [Chorus] triggers chorus behavior — bigger arrangement, hook, repetition on later occurrences. Reusing the exact same chorus text each time yields a consistent, memorable hook; varying it slightly yields evolution.
• Keep tags short (1–3 words). Long descriptive tags are less reliable than a short structural tag plus a style-field descriptor.
• To force an instrumental, put [Instrumental] / [no-vocals] and leave lyrics empty, or select the Instrumental toggle.
• Inline performance cues (whispered, ad-lib, spoken) work inconsistently across models — test, don't assume.
• Suno can auto-write lyrics; for a controlled brief, write your own lyrics so you also own that copyright layer (§4).

4. Editing, iteration, and stems

• Extend — continue a track past its current end; useful for building full arrangements from a strong 1–2 min section.
• Cover — re-perform existing lyrics/melody in a new style.
• Remaster — [Documented] re-render an older track on a newer model (e.g. lift a V4 track to V5 quality), with control over how much it varies from the original.
• Add Vocals / Add Instrumental — layer onto an existing track (V4.5+ onward).
• Personas / Voices — [Documented] Persona captures the vocal/stylistic identity of a prior generation to carry it across new songs; V5.5 Voices lets you record or upload your own voice to sing on creations (with verification; recordings private by default). Do not use a Voice/Persona to imitate a real artist you have no rights to (§5, §6).
• Stems — [Documented / First-party claim] Suno can split a generation into individual stems (vocals, drums, bass, and more — marketed as up to ~12 stems) and Suno Studio (Premier) exports multitrack stems and MIDI for finishing in a DAW (Ableton, Logic, FL, etc.).

[Heuristic] Iteration workflow. Generate several candidates on a tight style prompt → pick the best structural take → Extend to full length → Remaster/clean if needed → export stems for mix and master in a DAW. Regenerating from a slightly varied prompt is usually faster than fighting one bad take with edits.

5. Rights, licensing, and legal reality (read before advising on commercial use)

This section is the core of the skill. Get the tier logic and the copyright caveat right every time.

5.1 Ownership and commercial use by tier

[Documented] (Suno Terms of Service, last revised 2026-03-26; Suno help center "Rights & Ownership"; verified 2026-07-10):

• Free / Basic tier: Suno retains ownership. You get a limited license to use output for lawful, internal, personal, non-commercial purposes only, and you must give attribution to Suno. No distribution, no monetization, no commercial use.
• Pro / Premier (paid) tiers: Suno assigns to you all of its right, title, and interest in the output generated from your submissions while you were subscribed. You may distribute, monetize, and use it commercially. Premier gets the same commercial rights as Pro — the extra cost buys volume (credits) and tooling (Studio), not broader legal rights.
• Timing is what matters, not current status: ownership/commercial rights attach based on your subscription at the moment the track was generated. [Documented] Songs made while paid stay commercial-usable even after you cancel. Conversely, upgrading later does not retroactively grant rights to a track you made on the free tier — you must regenerate it while paid.

Approximate 2026 pricing (verify — volatile): Pro ≈ $10/mo (~$8 annual), 2,500 credits; Premier ≈ $30/mo ($24 annual), ~10,000 credits + Suno Studio. Prices/credits change; confirm on suno.com before quoting.

5.2 The copyright caveat that ownership does not cure

[Documented] Two separate things, and agents routinely conflate them:

1. Contractual ownership from Suno — paid tiers get this (Suno assigns its interest to you).
2. Copyright protection under law — a different question. Suno's terms state it makes no representation or warranty that any copyright will vest in any Output. Suno's own help center warns output "may not be eligible for copyright protection."

Why: U.S. copyright requires human authorship; the U.S. Copyright Office has repeatedly held that material generated by AI from a prompt is not protectable, because writing a prompt is not authorship of the resulting expression. [Documented] Practical consequence: a fully Suno-generated track can be owned (contractually, on a paid tier) and legally used commercially, yet not copyrightable, meaning you may have limited ability to stop others from copying it. [Heuristic] The strongest human-authorship hook is writing your own lyrics (you own that literary copyright independently) and doing substantial human arrangement/editing; this improves — but does not guarantee — registrability. This varies by country; direct consequential decisions to a qualified attorney or the relevant copyright office.

5.3 Distribution, monetization, and disclosure

• [Documented] Suno officially says paid-tier songs can be distributed to Spotify, Apple Music, etc.; free-tier songs cannot be monetized.
• [Documented] Distributors (e.g. DistroKid) allow AI music in 2026 but require proof of commercial rights — you must have been on a paid tier when the audio was generated — and you must be the exclusive holder of 100% of the material (don't use someone else's lyrics/melody).
• [Documented] AI disclosure: From late 2025, DSPs began enforcing the DDEX industry standard for AI-disclosure metadata; a track using Suno-generated audio should be flagged as AI-generated during distributor upload. This is a contractual/labeling requirement, not optional.
• [Documented] Content ID: As of mid-2025, fully AI-generated audio is not eligible for YouTube Content ID. You can monetize your own videos using the track, but you cannot claim Content ID to monetize third-party uses. Do not promise a client Content ID revenue on pure Suno audio.

5.4 The Warner Music Group settlement and the licensing landscape

• [Documented] On 2025-11-25, Warner Music Group and Suno announced a settlement of WMG's copyright suit plus a licensing partnership. Suno gets licensed access to WMG catalog as source material for "next-generation licensed AI music"; artists/songwriters can opt in to features that let users create content using their name, image, likeness, voice, and compositions. Suno also acquired Songkick (concert discovery) from WMG. Financial terms were not disclosed.
• [Documented — anticipated] Suno signaled 2026 changes under the deal: models trained on licensed WMG recordings are forthcoming, "you'll still be able to create original songs the way you do today," and download access remains monthly-limited for paid users while Suno Studio users keep unlimited downloads. Treat specifics as forward-looking; re-verify.
• [Documented] Udio settled with Universal Music Group on 2025-10-29 (payment + license for a joint AI platform). So by mid-2026, of the three majors: UMG ↔ Udio and WMG ↔ Suno have deals.

5.5 Litigation that is still open (as of 2026-07-10)

• [Documented] Sony Music has NOT settled with Suno (or Udio). Sony's fair-use cases are expected to produce a pivotal ruling around summer 2026 that could set precedent for the whole sector. Do not tell a client the legal question is settled.
• [Documented] Suno is contesting on fair-use grounds — it filed a motion for summary judgment in March 2026 arguing that training on copyrighted music is transformative use under 17 U.S.C. §107. Reported UMG–Suno settlement talks hit an impasse (April 2026).
• [Documented] Additional suits: the American Federation of Musicians (AFM) sued UMG and WMG over how the Suno/Udio settlements were structured, and independent musicians filed class actions arguing the major-label deals don't protect smaller rights holders.
• Advisory takeaway [Heuristic]: the settlements reduce risk for major-label catalog exposure but do not immunize Suno output generally; training-data litigation and the human-authorship problem remain live. Advise clients that Suno output carries residual legal uncertainty and that high-stakes commercial uses (national ad, sync, brand campaign) warrant legal review and, where possible, human-authored components.

6. The API situation (verify before recommending any integration)

[Documented, verified 2026-07-10]:

• Suno has historically had no official public API — no developer console, no self-serve key page, no public SDK, no published docs.
• On 2026-07-01, Suno CPO Jack Brody announced Suno is opening an API partner program, starting with a curated group of partners (application via an intake form), framed as a precursor to a "partner-powered model." No public launch timeline was given, and it is not self-serve as of 2026-07-10.
• Third-party "Suno APIs" (e.g. sunoapi.org, PiAPI, gcui-art/suno-api and similar) are unofficial. They work by reverse-engineering Suno's private web endpoints or by automating a logged-in browser (often with CAPTCHA-solving). They are not authorized by Suno and their use generally violates Suno's Terms of Service (which prohibits unauthorized automated access).
• [Heuristic / advisory] "Commercial license" guarantees advertised by unofficial API resellers are not something they can lawfully grant, because they themselves operate outside Suno's sanctioned ecosystem, and the underlying copyright caveat (§5.2) still applies. If a production team needs programmatic Suno access today, the compliant path is to apply to the official partner program and wait, not to wire up a scraper. Flag any request to build on an unofficial Suno API as a ToS-violation and legal risk before proceeding.

7. Safety, consent, and rights hygiene

• Real-artist voices/likeness: Only use an artist's voice, name, or likeness where they have opted in through the official WMG (or comparable) program, or where you otherwise hold rights. Generating "make it sound like [named living artist]" for release is a rights and publicity-rights risk even when the audio is AI-made.
• Lyrics you don't own: Don't feed copyrighted lyrics (or melodies via Cover) you have no license to. Distributors will pull tracks and blacklist accounts for it.
• Disclosure: Comply with DSP AI-disclosure (DDEX) at upload; don't pass AI tracks off as human-recorded where disclosure is required.
• Don't overstate ownership: When advising, separate "you can use it commercially" (true on paid tier) from "you own an enforceable copyright" (often false for pure AI output).
• Not legal advice: For a specific commercial deal, sync placement, or campaign, route the client to a qualified music/IP attorney. This skill informs; it does not replace counsel.

8. Worked examples (illustrative, not required formulas)

Example A — Release-ready pop track for a paid client

Intent: upbeat indie-pop single a small brand will use in a monetized YouTube ad. Tier decision: must generate on Pro/Premier (commercial rights require paid-at-creation). Write original lyrics in-house to add a human-authored copyright layer. Style field: indie pop, bright and hopeful, 112 bpm, jangly electric guitar, warm female vocal, punchy live drums, radio-ready mix Exclude styles: lo-fi, trap, autotune-heavy Lyrics field (human-written):

[Verse 1]
<your original lyrics>
[Pre-Chorus]
<your original lyrics>
[Chorus]
<your original, repeated hook>
[Verse 2]
...
[Bridge]
...
[Chorus]
<same hook>
[Outro]

Why: paid tier secures commercial use; original lyrics improve the human-authorship position; short structural tags give a clean radio arrangement. Expected: a clean, distributable track. Failure modes: genre words leaking into lyrics if placed in the wrong field; pure-AI melody may still be non-copyrightable (§5.2). Rights note the agent must surface: flag DDEX AI-disclosure at DistroKid upload; note Content ID is unavailable on the AI audio; note residual litigation uncertainty.

Example B — Instrumental bed for a podcast (budget-conscious)

Intent: 60–90s calm instrumental loop for a personal, non-monetized hobby podcast. Tier decision: if truly non-commercial and personal, free tier is permissible but requires attribution to Suno and forbids monetization; if the podcast has any sponsorship, it's commercial → must be paid tier. Clarify monetization before choosing. Style field: ambient lo-fi, calm and reflective, 80 bpm, soft Rhodes piano, mellow tape hiss, gentle vinyl crackle, no drums Lyrics field: [Instrumental] (or use the Instrumental toggle) Why: naming instruments and "no drums" plus [Instrumental] reliably yields a vocal-free bed. Failure modes: stray vocals if the instrumental flag isn't set; free-tier output can't be used the moment the show takes a sponsor.

Example C — Client asks "wire Suno into our app via an API"

Correct response: Explain there is no official self-serve API as of 2026-07-10; Suno opened a curated partner program (announced 2026-07-01) you can apply to. Warn that third-party "Suno APIs" are unofficial scrapers that violate Suno's ToS and cannot lawfully guarantee commercial licenses. Recommend applying to the official program and, meanwhile, not building on a scraper. Critical failure: recommending a third-party Suno API as if it were official/authorized, or promising it confers commercial rights.

Sources (verified 2026-07-10)

Official / first-party:

• Suno Model Timeline — https://help.suno.com/en/articles/5782721
• Suno Terms of Service (revised 2026-03-26) — https://suno.com/terms-of-service
• "Does Suno own the music I make?" — https://help.suno.com/en/articles/2416769
• "Do I have the copyrights to songs I made?" — https://help.suno.com/en/articles/2746945
• "Can I distribute my songs to Spotify, etc?" — https://help.suno.com/en/articles/2410177
• Suno v5.5 blog — https://suno.com/blog/v5-5
• Suno release notes — https://suno.com/release-notes

Industry press (secondary, labeled):

• Suno–WMG settlement/partnership — https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-features/suno-warner-music-group-ai-music-settlement-lawsuit-1235472868/
• 2026 changes under Warner deal — https://www.digitalmusicnews.com/2025/12/22/suno-warner-music-deal-changes/
• Suno API partner program — https://www.musicbusinessworldwide.com/suno-explores-developer-api-seeking-apps-that-unlock-experiences-generative-music-makes-possible-for-the-first-time/ and https://www.digitalmusicnews.com/2026/07/03/suno-is-opening-an-api-partner-program/
• UMG–Udio settlement — https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-features/ai-music-universal-music-group-settlement-udio-1235457945/
• UMG–Suno settlement impasse (Apr 2026) — https://www.digitalmusicnews.com/2026/04/09/suno-universal-music-lawsuit-settlement-impasse/
• AFM suit over settlements — https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/music/music-industry-news/musicians-union-lawsuit-ai-song-generator-settlement-1236614835/
• V5 launch coverage — https://musically.com/2025/09/25/suno-launches-v5-claiming-its-the-worlds-best-music-model/