Laravel Waitlist

Imported from offload-project/laravel-waitlist (skills/SKILL.md). Install upstream with npx skills add offload-project/laravel-waitlist --skill skills. Copyright stays with the author.

Context

offload-project/laravel-waitlist is a Laravel 11/12/13 package (PHP 8.3+) for managing one or many waitlists. It ships:

• A Waitlist Eloquent model (a named waitlist with a slug) and a WaitlistEntry model (a person waiting on a list).
• A WaitlistService (resolved via the Waitlist facade) with for(), create(), add(), invite(), reject(), sendVerification(), verify(), and query/count helpers.
• Optional email verification flow with a published /waitlist/verify/{token} route.
• Optional bridge into offload-project/laravel-invite-only: calling Waitlist::invite() creates a real Invitation (token, expiration, events) and persists the FK on WaitlistEntry::$invitation_id.
• Two notifications: WaitlistInvited (opt-in via auto_send_invitation) and VerifyWaitlistEmail.
• Lifecycle events in OffloadProject\Waitlist\Events: WaitlistCreated, WaitlistEntryAdded, WaitlistEntryVerified, WaitlistEntryInvited, WaitlistEntryRejected, plus WaitlistEntrySubscribed, WaitlistEntryUnsubscribed, and MailingListSyncFailed.
• A mailing list integration (MailingList facade, MailingListManager) that syncs entries to Mailchimp, Kit (ConvertKit) or Audienceful in a queued job, with log and array drivers and an extend() hook for others.
• Typed exceptions: UnverifiedEntryException (invite attempted on an unverified entry while verification gating is on) and MailingListException (driver/credential/list-id/API failures).

Apply this skill when working in a Laravel app that has offload-project/laravel-waitlist in composer.json, or when the user asks for help with Waitlist, WaitlistEntry, the Waitlist or MailingList facades, or waitlist flows in this package.

Rules

Facade usage

1. Use the Waitlist facade (OffloadProject\Waitlist\Facades\Waitlist) — do not instantiate WaitlistService directly. The facade is the supported entry point.
2. To target a specific waitlist, chain Waitlist::for($slugOrIdOrModel)->.... Without for(...), calls operate on the default waitlist (auto-created on first use via getDefault()).
3. Waitlist::for(...) mutates internal state on a singleton service. For long-running processes (queue workers, Octane), call for(...) for every operation rather than relying on a previous context call sticking around.

Waitlists vs. entries

4. Create waitlists with Waitlist::create(string $name, string $slug, ?string $description = null, bool $isActive = true). The slug is the canonical identifier — that's what for(...) and find(...) expect.
5. Add entries via Waitlist::for($slug)->add($name, $email, $metadata = []). Don't call WaitlistEntry::create([...]) directly when you want the verification flow to run — add() automatically triggers sendVerification() when waitlist.verification.enabled is true.
6. The unique constraint on waitlist_entries is ['waitlist_id', 'email'], not just email. The same person can join multiple waitlists.

Inviting

7. Invite via Waitlist::invite($entryOrId, $options = []). Do not call $entry->markAsInvited() by itself when you want notifications and an Invitation record — invite() creates the laravel-invite-only Invitation, links it via invitation_id, and marks the entry invited.
8. $options flows through to InviteOnly::invite(...). Common keys: 'invited_by' (Model or int — falls back to auth()->user()), 'role', 'metadata', 'expires_at'. Don't duplicate keys you've set in waitlist.invitable.metadata_mapper — the explicit $options win via array_merge.
9. If waitlist.verification.enabled is true and waitlist.verification.require_before_invite is true, calling invite() on an unverified entry throws UnverifiedEntryException. Catch it explicitly in user-facing flows; don't bury it under a generic \Throwable.
10. The WaitlistInvited notification is opt-in (waitlist.auto_send_invitation defaults to false). The invitation notification from laravel-invite-only is sent regardless. Enable auto_send_invitation only when you want a second waitlist-branded email on top.

Verification

11. Trigger verification through Waitlist::sendVerification($entry) — it generates a fresh token (generateVerificationToken() overwrites any existing one) and sends VerifyWaitlistEmail. Don't roll your own token generation; use the package's so the verify route keeps working.
12. Confirm tokens via Waitlist::verify($token). Returns the WaitlistEntry on success, null on unknown token. After verification the token is cleared (single-use).
13. Customize the verification notification via waitlist.verification.notification config; it receives the WaitlistEntry in its constructor. Read the token from $entry->verification_token and call route('waitlist.verify', ['token' => $entry->verification_token]).
14. The package's verify route is mounted under waitlist.routes.prefix (default waitlist) with waitlist.routes.middleware (default ['web']). To use your own controller, set waitlist.routes.enabled => false and call Waitlist::verify($token) from your action.

Status & checks

15. Entry statuses are the string literals pending, invited, rejected. Prefer $entry->isPending(), isInvited(), isRejected() over raw string comparisons.
16. Verification state lives on verified_at and verification_token. Check via isVerified() and isPendingVerification(); don't compare raw timestamps.
17. To "block until verified" UI gating, use isPendingVerification() (token set, not yet verified). isVerified() alone returns false for entries that never started verification — those two states are different.

Invitable wiring

18. When the host app is inviting people to a specific entity (Team, Organization, Project), configure it once in config/waitlist.php under invitable:
    • invitable.model — class string; the package calls ::first() on it. Use this only for single-tenant apps.
    • invitable.resolver — closure fn(WaitlistEntry $entry) => Model|null for the multi-tenant case. Pull the tenant ID from $entry->metadata or another column.
    • invitable.metadata_mapper — closure fn(WaitlistEntry $entry) => array to translate entry metadata into invitation metadata (e.g. ['role' => 'beta-tester']).
19. Don't hard-code an invitable per call site. If different flows need different invitables, use the resolver closure with a discriminator in metadata.

Events

20. Hook into the lifecycle with the package's own events rather than wrapping the facade or polling the table. They live in OffloadProject\Waitlist\Events and each carries the model as a readonly property ($event->entry, $event->waitlist).
21. The lifecycle events fire from the models (WaitlistEntryAdded via $dispatchesEvents on create; the rest from markAsInvited() / markAsRejected() / markAsVerified()), so listeners still run for code that bypasses the facade.
22. Use Event::fake([SpecificEvent::class]) in tests, not a bare Event::fake() — a blanket fake also swallows WaitlistEntryAdded, which stops the mailing list listener from ever running.

Mailing list sync

23. Turn it on with waitlist.mailing_list.enabled and pick a driver (mailchimp, kit, audienceful, log, array). Connect a waitlist to a list with Waitlist::for($slug)->connectMailingList($listId, $driver = null) — the list id is a Mailchimp audience id, a Kit form id (or tag id when list_type is tag), or an Audienceful publication id (or tag name when list_type is tag). Waitlists with no list of their own fall back to the driver's configured list_id.
24. Don't build your own "subscribe on sign up" listener. Subscribing is automatic and follows the verification setting: with waitlist.verification.enabled off the entry syncs on add(), with it on the entry syncs after Waitlist::verify(). That ordering is deliberate — an unconfirmed address must never reach the newsletter.
25. For anything beyond subscribing — tagging on invite, removing on reject, moving between lists — listen for the lifecycle events and call MailingList::tagEntry($entry, [...]) or Waitlist::unsubscribeFromMailingList($entry). Don't add those side effects inside the host app's controllers.
26. Syncing runs through queued jobs (SyncEntryToMailingList, UnsubscribeEntryFromMailingList). Keep mailing_list.queue.enabled on in production so sign ups never block on the provider's API. Backfill existing rows with php artisan waitlist:sync-mailing-list [slug] [--all] [--force] or Waitlist::for($slug)->syncMailingList().
27. Add a service the package doesn't ship by implementing OffloadProject\Waitlist\Contracts\MailingListDriver and registering it with MailingList::extend('name', fn (array $config) => new YourDriver(...)) from a service provider. Don't fork the shipped drivers.
28. In tests use MailingList::fake(), which swaps in the in-memory ArrayDriver, runs syncs inline, and exposes hasSubscriber(), subscribers(), and tagsFor(). Reach for Http::fake() only when asserting the exact request a real driver sends.

Don'ts

29. Don't run lifecycle changes via direct update() calls ($entry->update(['status' => 'invited'])). Use markAsInvited() / markAsRejected() / markAsVerified() so casts, side effects (timestamps, token clearing), and events stay consistent. Better still: drive everything through the facade.
30. Don't edit the published migrations to add columns — write a follow-up migration in the host app. The package may add columns in future releases and will assume the published schema.
31. Don't subclass Waitlist or WaitlistEntry; both are final. Add behavior on the host-app side via listeners on the package's events, or by extending the service via a custom binding in your app's container.

Examples

Single waitlist (no config)

use OffloadProject\Waitlist\Facades\Waitlist;

$entry = Waitlist::add('John Doe', 'john@example.com', ['source' => 'landing-page']);

Waitlist::invite($entry, [
    'invited_by' => auth()->user(),
    'expires_at' => now()->addDays(14),
]);

Multiple waitlists

Waitlist::create('Beta Program', 'beta');
Waitlist::create('VIP Access', 'vip');

Waitlist::for('beta')->add('Jane Smith', 'jane@example.com');
Waitlist::for('vip')->add('Bob Wilson', 'bob@example.com');

$pendingBeta = Waitlist::for('beta')->getPending();
$vipCount    = Waitlist::for('vip')->count();

Verification flow

// config/waitlist.php
'verification' => [
    'enabled' => true,
    'require_before_invite' => true,
    'notification' => \OffloadProject\Waitlist\Notifications\VerifyWaitlistEmail::class,
],

use OffloadProject\Waitlist\Exceptions\UnverifiedEntryException;
use OffloadProject\Waitlist\Facades\Waitlist;

$entry = Waitlist::add('John Doe', 'john@example.com');
// Verification email sent automatically.

try {
    Waitlist::invite($entry);
} catch (UnverifiedEntryException) {
    return back()->withErrors(['email' => 'Please verify your email first.']);
}

Wiring an invitable model (team invitations)

// config/waitlist.php
'invitable' => [
    'model'    => null,
    'resolver' => fn (\OffloadProject\Waitlist\Models\WaitlistEntry $entry) =>
        \App\Models\Team::find($entry->metadata['team_id'] ?? null),
    'metadata_mapper' => fn (\OffloadProject\Waitlist\Models\WaitlistEntry $entry) => [
        'role' => $entry->metadata['role'] ?? 'member',
    ],
],

Then:

Waitlist::for('beta')->add('Jane', 'jane@example.com', [
    'team_id' => $team->id,
    'role'    => 'admin',
]);

When you later call Waitlist::invite($entry), the resulting laravel-invite-only invitation is scoped to that team with role=admin.

Custom verification notification

use Illuminate\Notifications\Messages\MailMessage;
use Illuminate\Notifications\Notification;
use OffloadProject\Waitlist\Models\WaitlistEntry;

class CustomVerifyWaitlistEmail extends Notification
{
    public function __construct(public WaitlistEntry $entry) {}

    public function via($notifiable): array
    {
        return ['mail'];
    }

    public function toMail($notifiable): MailMessage
    {
        $url = route('waitlist.verify', ['token' => $this->entry->verification_token]);

        return (new MailMessage)
            ->subject('Confirm your spot on the waitlist')
            ->greeting("Hi {$this->entry->name}!")
            ->action('Verify Email', $url);
    }
}

// config/waitlist.php
'verification' => [
    'enabled' => true,
    'notification' => \App\Notifications\CustomVerifyWaitlistEmail::class,
],

Syncing sign-ups to Mailchimp

// config/waitlist.php
'mailing_list' => [
    'enabled' => true,
    'default' => 'mailchimp',
    'drivers' => [
        'mailchimp' => [
            'key' => env('MAILCHIMP_API_KEY'),   // suffix carries the data centre, e.g. -us14
            'list_id' => env('MAILCHIMP_LIST_ID'),
        ],
    ],
],

// One audience per waitlist (optional — otherwise the config list_id is used).
Waitlist::for('beta')->connectMailingList('a1b2c3d4e5');

// Subscribed automatically, on add or on verification depending on the config.
Waitlist::for('beta')->add('Jane Smith', 'jane@example.com');

Reacting to the lifecycle

use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Event;
use OffloadProject\Waitlist\Events\WaitlistEntryInvited;
use OffloadProject\Waitlist\Events\WaitlistEntryRejected;
use OffloadProject\Waitlist\Facades\MailingList;
use OffloadProject\Waitlist\Facades\Waitlist;

Event::listen(fn (WaitlistEntryInvited $event) => MailingList::tagEntry($event->entry, ['invited']));
Event::listen(fn (WaitlistEntryRejected $event) => Waitlist::unsubscribeFromMailingList($event->entry));

Testing a mailing list flow

use OffloadProject\Waitlist\Facades\MailingList;

$mailingList = MailingList::fake();

Waitlist::add('John Doe', 'john@example.com');

expect($mailingList->hasSubscriber('john@example.com'))->toBeTrue();

Disabling package routes (own controller)

// config/waitlist.php
'routes' => ['enabled' => false],

Route::get('/welcome/{token}', function (string $token) {
    $entry = Waitlist::verify($token);

    return $entry === null
        ? redirect('/')->withErrors(['token' => 'Invalid or expired link.'])
        : redirect('/welcome')->with('entry', $entry);
})->name('waitlist.verify');

Anti-patterns

• ❌ WaitlistEntry::create([...]) for new sign-ups when verification should run. Use Waitlist::add(...) so the verification flow fires when enabled.
• ❌ $entry->update(['status' => 'invited']) instead of Waitlist::invite($entry). The direct update skips the laravel-invite-only invitation, the token, the notification, and the FK linkage.
• ❌ Catching \Throwable or \Exception around Waitlist::invite(). Catch UnverifiedEntryException (and the invite-only typed exceptions) so each failure mode produces a tailored response.
• ❌ Toggling waitlist.auto_send_invitation to true without also customizing waitlist.notification. By default both WaitlistInvited and the invite-only invitation notification will fire — two emails per invite.
• ❌ Subclassing Waitlist or WaitlistEntry. Both are final; extend behavior via the package's events or a custom service binding.
• ❌ Calling a mailing list API from a controller after Waitlist::add(...). Subscribing is already automatic — a manual call double-subscribes and skips the queue.
• ❌ Subscribing unverified entries when verification is on (e.g. by listening for WaitlistEntryAdded yourself). Listen for WaitlistEntryVerified instead, or just let the package do it.
• ❌ Writing a mailing list list_id into waitlist_entries.metadata. Lists belong to the waitlist — store them with connectMailingList(), which lives in the waitlists.settings column.
• ❌ Putting a closure in mailing_list.attributes and then running php artisan config:cache. Config files containing closures cannot be cached.
• ❌ Hard-coding 'invited_by' => auth()->user() at every call site. Omit it and let WaitlistService fall back to auth()->user() automatically. Pass it explicitly only when you need a different actor (admin acting on behalf, console command, etc.).
• ❌ Editing files inside vendor/offload-project/laravel-waitlist. All extension points are exposed via config/waitlist.php.
• ❌ Sharing one email between waitlists via a single global email unique constraint. The package already supports a person on multiple waitlists — the constraint is ['waitlist_id', 'email']. Don't add app-level deduplication that fights this.

References

• Repository: https://github.com/offload-project/laravel-waitlist
• README: https://github.com/offload-project/laravel-waitlist/blob/main/README.md
• Companion package — Laravel Invite Only: https://github.com/offload-project/laravel-invite-only